DEFINITION OF ANTICLINE

Definition of anticline Folds in rocks in which a convex upward warp

contains older rocks in the center and younger rocks on the

sides. They typically occur along with synclines in alternating

anticline-syncline pairs forming a fold train. Their geometry

is defined by several artificial geometric surfaces, known as

the fold axial surface, which divides the fold into two equal

limbs, and a fold hinge, parallel to the line of maximum curvature

on the folded layers.

The anticlines may be of any size, ranging from microscopic

folds of thin layers to large mountain-scale uplifts.

Regional parts of mountain ranges that are characterized by

generally uplifted rocks in the center are known as anticlinoria.

Anticlines and broad upwarps of strata make particularly

good oil and gas traps if the geologic setting is appropriate

for the formation of oil. Oil and gas tend to migrate upward

in geologic structures, and if they find a layer with significant

porosity and permeability, the oil and gas may become

trapped in the anticlinal structure. The broader and gentler

the upwarp, the larger the area that the hydrocarbons may be

trapped in, and the larger the oil or gas field. Some famous

oil and gas fields that are located in anticlinal structures

include those of the Newport-Inglewood trend in California

and the Zagros Mountains of Iran.

See also FOLD; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY.

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