DEFINITION OF ARABIAN SHIELD

Definition of Arabian shield The Arabian shield comprises the core of

the Arabian Peninsula, a landmass of near trapezoidal shape

bounded by three water bodies. The Red Sea bounds it from

the west, the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Aden from the

south, and the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman on the east.

The Arabian Peninsula can be classified into two major geological

provinces, including the Precambrian Arabian shield

and the Phanerozoic cover.

The Precambrian shield is located along the western and

central parts of the peninsula. It narrows in the north and the

south but widens in the central part of the peninsula. The

shield lies between latitudes 12° and 30° north and between

longitudes 34° and 47° east. The Arabian shield is considered

as part of the Arabian-Nubian shield that was formed in the

upper Proterozoic Era and stabilized in the Late Proterozoic

around 600 million years ago. The shield has since subsided

and been covered by thick deposits of Phanerozoic continental

shelf sediments along the margins of the Tethys Ocean.

Later in the Tertiary the Arabian-Nubian shield was rifted

into two fragments by the Red Sea rift system.

Phanerozoic cover overlies the eastern side of the Arabian

shield unconformably and dips gently toward the east.

Parts of the Phanerozoic cover are found overlying parts of

the Precambrian shield, such as the Quaternary lava flows of

Harrat Rahat in the middle and northern parts of the shield

as well as some sandstones, including the Saq, Siq, and

Wajeed sandstones in different parts of the shield.

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