DEFINITION OF BREAKING OF ROCKS

Brittle deformation results in the breaking of rock along fractures.

Joints are fractures along which no movement has

occurred. These may be tectonic structures, formed in

response to regional stresses, or formed by other processes

such as cooling of igneous rocks. Columnar joints are common

in igneous rocks, forming six-sided columns when the

magma cools and shrinks.

Fractures along which relative displacement has occurred

are known as faults. Most faults are inclined surfaces, and we

call the block of rock above the fault the hanging wall, and the

block beneath the fault the footwall, after old mining terms.

Faults are classified according to the dip of the fault, and the

direction of relative movement across the fault. Normal faults

are faults along which the hanging wall has moved down rela

tive to the footwall. Reverse faults are faults along which

the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall. Thrust

faults are a special class of reverse faults that dip less than

45°. Strike-slip faults are steeply dipping (nearly vertical)

faults along which the principal movement is horizontal.

The sense of movement on strike-slip faults may be right

lateral or left lateral, determined by standing on one block

and describing whether the block across has moved to the

right or to the left.

Title Post:
Rating: 100% based on 99998 ratings. 99 user reviews.
Author:

Terimakasih sudah berkunjung di blog SELAPUTS, Jika ada kritik dan saran silahkan tinggalkan komentar