DEFINITION OF CENOZOIC

The Cenozoic Era marks the emergence of the

modern Earth, starting at 66 million years ago and continuing

until the present. Also spelled Cainozoic and Kainozoic,

the term Cenozoic is taken from the Greek meaning recent

life and is commonly referred to as the age of the mammals.

It is divided into the Tertiary (Paleogene and Neogene) and

Quaternary Periods, and the Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene,

Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene Epochs.

Modern ecosystems developed in the Cenozoic, with the

appearance of mammals, advanced mollusks, birds, modern

snakes, frogs, and angiosperms such as grasses and flowering

weeds. Mammals developed rapidly and expanded to many

different environments. Unlike the terrestrial fauna and flora,

the marine biota underwent only minor changes, with the

exception of the origin and diversification of whales.

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