An ecological unit that encompasses the total
aspect of the physical and biological environment of an area,
and the connections between the various parts. It is an integrated
unit consisting of a community of living organisms,
affected by various factors such as temperature, humidity,
light, soil, food supply, and interactions with other organisms.
Changes in any one part of an ecosystem are likely to result in
changes in the other parts. Relationships between organisms
in an ecosystem depend on changes in the energy input and
flow and nutrient flux within the system. The term was coined
in 1935 by British ecologist Arthur Tansley (1871–1955).
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