DEFINITION OF GEOLOGY OF THE ARABIAN SHIELD

Peter Johnson and coworkers have synthesized the geology of

the Arabian shield and proposed a general classification of

the geology of the Arabian shield that attempts to integrate

and resolve the differences between the previous classifications.

According to this classification, the layered rocks of the

Arabian shield are divided into three main units separated by

periods of regional tectonic activity (orogenies). This gives an

overall view that the shield was created through three tectonic

cycles. These tectonic cycles include early, middle, and late

Upper Proterozoic tectonic cycles.

The early Upper Proterozoic tectonic cycle covers the

time period older than 800 million years ago and includes the

oldest rock groups that formed before and up to the Aqiq

orogeny in the south and up to the Tuluhah orogeny in the

north. In this general classification, the Aqiq and Tuluhah

orogenies are considered as part of one regional tectonic

event or orogeny that is given a combined name of the Aqiq-

Tuluhah orogeny.

The middle Upper Proterozoic tectonic cycle is considered

to have taken place in the period between 800 and 700

million years ago. It includes the Yafikh orogeny in the south

and the Ragbah orogeny in the north. These two orogenies

were combined together into one regional orogeny named the

Yafikh-Ragbah orogeny.

The late Upper Proterozoic tectonic cycle took place in

the period between 700 and 650 million years ago. It includes

the Bishah orogeny in the south and the Rimmah orogeny in

the north. These two orogenies are combined together into

one regional orogeny named the Bishah-Rimmah orogeny.

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