An elongate, fault-bounded topographically
depressed region of the Earth’s crust, generally associated
with rifting. Graben are common in regions of continental
rifting, in many cases being bounded by a large normal fault
on one side, and a tilted fault block on the opposing side.
The crests of slow-spreading oceanic ridges are marked by
axial graben, with topographic relief approaching one kilometer.
Other graben are associated with volcanism, with
parts of magma chamber roofs collapsing into the chamber,
forming elongate depressions on the surface.
See also RIFT; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY.
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