The Great Salt Lake of Utah is a
terminal lake, one that has no outlet to the ocean or a larger
body of water. Since the lake is in an arid area, evaporation is
intense, causing dissolved minerals in the water to become
concentrated. As freshwater enters the lake it evaporates,
leaving salts behind, causing the lake waters to be about eight
times as salty as seawater.
The lake is situated at the base of a flat valley west of the
steep Wasatch Mountains, and the lake’s shoreline positions
change dramatically in response to changes in rainfall,
snowmelt, and inflow into the lake. The lake is about 70
miles (113 km) long, 30 miles (48 km) wide, but only 40 feet
(12m) deep, so small changes in the water depth cause large
changes in the position of the shoreline. Since 1982 rainfall
increased in the area and the lake began to rise, covering
highways and other urbanized areas around Salt Lake City.
Lake levels peaked in 1986–87 and began to fall to more typical
levels since then. The Bonneville salt flats west of the
Great Salt Lake attest to a once much larger lake and are
now used as a place into which to pump extra water from the
Great Salt Lake when lake levels get too high. There, the
water evaporates leaving additional salt deposits behind.














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