DEFINITION OF INDEX FOSSIL

A fossil that precisely identifies the age or

range of strata in which it is found. Index fossils must be

morphologically distinctive, relatively common, and have

populated a broad geographic range, but be limited in stratigraphic

or time range. The most useful index fossils are those

that floated or swam in marine environments and evolved or

changed morphologically in short time intervals. Graptolites,

ammonites, and radiolarians have proven to be excellent and

widely used index fossils.

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