DEFINITION OF LAKE EYRE, AUSTRALIA

A shallow, frequently dry salt lake in

central Australia that occupies the lowest point on the continent

at 39 feet (12 m) below sea level. The lake occupies 3,430

square miles (8,884 km2), but the drainage basin is one of the

world’s largest internally draining river systems covering 1.2

million square miles (1.93 million km2), with no outlet to the

sea. All water that enters the Lake Eyre basin flows into the

lake and eventually evaporates leaving salts behind. Lake Eyre

is located in the driest part of Australia, where the evaporation

potential is 8.175 feet (2.5 m) but the annual precipitation is

only half an inch (1.25 centimeters). However, flows in the

river system are highly variable and unpredictable, since rare

rainfall events may cause flash flooding. All rivers in the system

are ephemeral, typically with no water in the system. Aridity

increases downstream toward the lake, and the basin is

characterized by huge braided stream networks, floodplains,

and waterholes. The stream systems leading into Lake Eyre are

one of the largest unregulated river systems in the world.

See also DESERT.

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