DEFINITION OF PEDIMENT a

Desert surfaces that slope away from the base of

a highland, generally with slopes of 11° or less. They have

longitudinal profiles that are flat or slightly concave upward,

and they range in size from less than 0.4 square miles (1 km2)

to more than hundreds of square kilometers. Many are covered

by a thin or discontinuous layer of alluvium and rock

fragments. Pediments are erosional features, formed by running

water, and are typically cut by shallow channels and dotted

by erosional rock remnants known as inselbergs that stand

above the pediment surface. Pediments grow as mountains are

eroded, and they seem to represent a delicate balance between

climate, erosion, time, deposition of alluvial fan material, and

the ability of fluvial and other processes to transport material

across the pediment surface. The boundary between deposited

alluvial material and the pediment surface represents an equilibrium

line between the erosional and depositional processes

and can move in response to changes in the system. Pediments

were first described from the Henry Mountains of Utah by

Grove Karl Gilbert (see biography) as “hills of planation.”

See also GEOMORPHOLOGY.

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