DEFINITION OF PERMEABILITY

A body’s capacity to transmit fluids or to

allow the fluids to move through its open pore spaces. Permeability

is not directly related to porosity, because all the pore

spaces in a body can be isolated (high porosity), but the

water may be trapped and unable to move through the body

(low permeability). Permeability is also affected by molecular

attraction (the force that causes a thin film of water to stick

to objects), instead of being forced to the ground by gravity.

If the pore spaces in a material are very small, as in a clay,

then the force of molecular attraction is strong enough to

stop the water from flowing through the body. When the

pores are large, the water in the center of the pores is free to

move. The customary unit of measure of permeability is the

millidarcy (.001 Darcy). One Darcy represents the passage

through a porous medium of one cubic centimeter of fluid

with one centipoise viscosity per second, flowing under one

atmosphere of pressure, through a cross-sectional area of one

square centimeter and a length of centimeter.

See also AQUIFER; POROSITY.

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