A radiosonde is a balloon that contains an
instrument package of meteorological equipment that is capable
of transmitting real-time data back to Earth. Once
launched, the radiosonde transmits valuable meteorological
data back to Earth until the instrument is destroyed. A transmitter
within the instrument package can send measurements
of air temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed down
to Earth. The United States has been releasing radiosondes
into the atmosphere since 1936 and continues to release them
twice a day, once at 0000 UTC and once again at 1200 UTC.
Radiosondes typically reach a height of 20 miles (30 km)
above the surface of the Earth, and only a small fraction are
ever found and sent back to the National Weather Service to
be used again.
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