DEFINITION OF SOLIFLUCTION

Solifluction is the slow viscous downslope movement of

waterlogged soil and debris. Solifluction is most common in

polar latitudes where the top layer of permafrost melts,

resulting in a water-saturated mixture resting on a frozen

base. It is also common in very wet climates, as found in the

Tropics. Rates of movement are typically an inch or two per

year, which is slightly faster than downslope flow by creep.

Solifluction results in distinctive surface features, such as

lobes and sheets, carrying the overlying vegetation; sometimes

the lobes override each other, forming complex structures.

Solifluction lobes are relatively common sights on

mountainous slopes in wet climates, especially in areas with

permafrost. The frozen layer beneath the soil prevents

drainage of water deep into the soil or into the bedrock, so

the uppermost layers in permafrost terrains tend to be saturated

with water, aiding solifluction.

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