WHO IS CLOOS, HANS (1885–1951)

German Geologist Hans Cloos

was born in Madeburg, Germany. After secondary school, he

studied architecture but quickly became interested in geology.

He continued to study geology in Bonn and Jena, then he

moved to Freiburg in Breisgau where he received his doctorate.

From 1909 to 1931 he worked on applied geology in

South Africa, where he looked at the granite massifs in the

Erongo Mountains, and in Java, where he worked as a

petroleum geologist and studied the active volcanoes and their

structures. In 1919 he became a professor of geology and

petrology at the University of Breslau and developed the field

of granite tectonics. This discipline is the reconstruction of

dynamics of movement and of emplacement of a mobilized

pluton from its internal structure. This idea came from his

studies of the granite massifs in Silesia. Cloos discovered that

granite had clearly oriented features obtained during or directly

after intrusion, including linear or laminar flow, textures of

solidifying magma, regular relationship of joints and vein systems

to flow textures, and cleavage in granite. He also developed

the field of granite and magmatic tectonics as well as

continuing to look at other tectonic problems, such as jointing

and cleavage as typical types of deformation of solid rocks.

He extensively used wet clay to demonstrate rift valley formations,

and his many trips to Africa and North America helped

to develop his point of view.

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