There are two main types of electron microscopes. The most widely used
electron microscope is the TEM (transmission electron microscope)
and the other is the SEM (scanning electron microscope).
In an electron microscope a ray of electrons is passed
from a cathode heated by an electric current toward the sample.
The higher the electric voltage, the greater the resolution.
The SEM differs from the TEM in that the SEM primarily
uses the same technology as television. The resolution is less
than that of the TEM but the focus area of the TEM is much
larger than that of the SEM.
One of the main drawbacks of both the TEM and SEM
is their inability to scan and analyze living material. Also, it is
necessary for most material to be saturated with heavy metals
that enable better contrast in both microscopes.














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