DEFINITION OF GEOBAROMETRY

The study or determination of the pressure

conditions under which a rock or mineral formed. It typically

involves pressure-sensitive reactions between different

minerals or relative partitioning of different elements between

mineral pairs. Many mineral assemblages are sensitive to

changes in both temperature and pressure, so it is common

to discuss these changes with respect to both, under the term

thermobarometry.

Mineral reactions are typically limited by kinetic factors

such as temperature, which in the Earth increases with pressure,

so rocks tend to preserve chemical or mineralogical evidence

for reactions that occurred at high temperatures and

pressures. Some minerals or mineral assemblages are only stable

above certain pressure-temperature conditions, forming

good thermobarometers. Other thermobarometers rely on the

partitioning of elements such as Fe and Mg, controlled by

exchange reactions between different minerals that change

with different temperatures and pressures.

See also GEOTHERMOMETRY; METAMORPHISM.

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