Wind-driven circulation of the water,
in which the wind forms cells with their long axes parallel to
the wind direction. Adjacent cells rotate in opposite directions
and show elliptical or screw-like rotation patterns known as
left-handed and right-handed helical vortices. Langmuir Cells
can often be recognized, as they leave regularly spaced elongate
streaks of foamy water or debris on the surface in the zones of
convergence, elongated parallel to the wind direction. They
typically form when wind speeds exceed a few kilometers per
hour and increase in intensity when the wind speed increases.
See also EKMAN SPIRALS; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;
WAVES.
La Niña See EL NIÑO AND THE SOUTHERN OSCILLATION.
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