DEFINITION OF NAPPE

Relatively thin or sheet-like masses of rock that

have moved large distances on subhorizontal surfaces. They

may move on thin thrust faults, or along zones of recumbent

folding and attenuation of fold limbs. Nappes can be very

large in scale, some being many tens of kilometers in dimensions.

Recumbent fold nappes have one inverted and one

upright limb, with bedding planes typically being parallel for

many kilometers on either limb.

Large-scale thrust and nappe tectonics were first recognized

in the Helvetic Alps in the late 1880s. Nappes have since

been recognized in the internal zone of many mountain belts

worldwide, and of all ages, stretching back to the Precambrian.

See also DEFORMATION OF ROCKS; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY.

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